#TAURINE CATTLE SERIAL#

Following their introduction into the Americas in the late 1400s, semiferal herds of cattle underwent between 80 and 200 generations of predominantly natural selection, as opposed to the human-mediated artificial selection of Old World breeding programs. New World cattle breeds, such as Texas Longhorns, provide an opportunity to study global population structure and domestication in cattle. In this study, we show that, although European cattle are largely descended from the taurine lineage, gene flow from African cattle (partially of indicine origin) contributed substantial genomic components to both southern European cattle breeds and their New World descendants. Our analyses of 47,506 single nucleotide polymorphisms show that these New World cattle breeds, as well as many related breeds of cattle in southern Europe, actually exhibit ancestry from both the taurine and indicine lineages. American descendants of cattle brought by European explorers to the New World beginning in 1493 generally have been considered to belong to the taurine lineage. Two primary areas of domestication in the Middle East/Europe and the Indian subcontinent resulted in taurine and indicine lines of cattle, respectively. 2101-2104ĭomestication, Bos taurus, coalescent simulation, ancient DNA, approximate Bayesian computation National Categoryīiological Sciences Identifiers URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-182770 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/mss092 ISI: 000308851600003 OAI: oai:DiVA.Previous archeological and genetic research has shown that modern cattle breeds are descended from multiple independent domestication events of the wild aurochs ( Bos primigenius) ∼10,000 y ago. Place, publisher, year, edition, pages2012. Such a low number is consistent with archaeological data indicating that initial domestication took place in a restricted area and suggests the process was constrained by the difficulty of sustained managing and breeding of the wild progenitors of domestic cattle.

#TAURINE CATTLE SERIAL#

We report mtDNA sequences from 15 Neolithic to Iron Age Iranian domestic cattle and, in conjunction with modern data, use serial coalescent simulation and approximate Bayesian computation to estimate that around 80 female aurochs were initially domesticated. A large number would be expected if cattle domestication was a technologically straightforward and unexacting region-wide phenomenon, while a smaller number would be consistent with a more complex and challenging process. However, while modern mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation indicates early Holocene founding event(s), a lack of ancient DNA data from the region of origin, variation in mutation rate estimates, and limited application of appropriate inference methodologies have resulted in uncertainty on the number of animals first domesticated.

2101-2104 Article in journal (Refereed) Published Abstract Īrchaeozoological and genetic data indicate that taurine cattle were first domesticated from local wild ox (aurochs) in the Near East some 10,500 years ago. Show others and affiliations 2012 (English) In: Molecular biology and evolution, ISSN 0737-4038, E-ISSN 1537-1719, Vol.

Taurine cattle